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Text File | 1998-05-21 | 64.8 KB | 1,255 lines

ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) zzzzsssshhhh vvvveeeerrrrssssiiiioooonnnn 3333....0000 ((((JJJJuuuunnnneeee 22226666,,,, 1111999999996666)))) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) NNNNAAAAMMMMEEEE zshbuiltins - zsh built-in functions DDDDEEEESSSSCCCCRRRRIIIIPPPPTTTTIIIIOOOONNNNSSSS ---- _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d See the secion PPPPRRRREEEECCCCOOOOMMMMMMMMAAAANNNNDDDD MMMMOOOODDDDIIIIFFFFIIIIEEEERRRRSSSS in _z_s_h_m_i_s_c(1). .... _f_i_l_e [ _a_r_g ... ] Read commands from _f_i_l_e and execute them in the current shell environment. If _f_i_l_e does not contain a slash, or if PPPPAAAATTTTHHHH____DDDDIIIIRRRRSSSS is set, the shell looks in the components of ppppaaaatttthhhh to find the directory containing _f_i_l_e. Files in the current directory are not read unless "." appears somewhere in ppppaaaatttthhhh. If any arguments _a_r_g are given, they become the positional parameters; the old positional parameters are restored when the _f_i_l_e is done executing. The exit status is the exit status of the last command executed. :::: [ _a_r_g ... ] This command only expands parameters. A zero exit code is returned. aaaalllliiiiaaaassss [ -ggggmmmmrrrrLLLL ] [ _n_a_m_e[=_v_a_l_u_e] ] ... For each _n_a_m_e with a corresponding _v_a_l_u_e, define an alias with that value. A trailing space in _v_a_l_u_e causes the next word to be checked for alias substitution. If the -gggg flag is present, define a global alias; global aliases are expanded even if they do not occur in command position. For each _n_a_m_e with no _v_a_l_u_e, print the value of _n_a_m_e, if any. With no arguments, print all currently defined aliases. If the -mmmm flag is given the arguments are taken as patterns (they should be quoted to preserve them from being interpreted as glob patterns) and the aliases matching these patterns are printed. When printing aliases and the -gggg or -rrrr flags are present, then restrict the printing to global or regular aliases, respectively. If the -LLLL flag is present, then print each alias in a manner suitable for putting in a startup script. The exit status is nonzero if a _n_a_m_e (with no _v_a_l_u_e) is given for which no alias has been defined. aaaauuuuttttoooollllooooaaaadddd [ _n_a_m_e ... ] For each of the _n_a_m_es (which are names of functions), create a function marked undefined. The ffffppppaaaatttthhhh variable will be searched to find the actual function definition when the function is first referenced. The definition is contained in a file of the same name as the function. If the file found contains a standard definition for the function, that is stored as the function; otherwise, the contents of the entire file Page 1 (printed 4/24/98) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) zzzzsssshhhh vvvveeeerrrrssssiiiioooonnnn 3333....0000 ((((JJJJuuuunnnneeee 22226666,,,, 1111999999996666)))) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) are stored as the function. The latter format allows functions to be used directly as scripts. bbbbgggg [ _j_o_b ... ] _j_o_b ... &&&& Put each specified _j_o_b in the background, or the current job if none is specified. bbbbiiiinnnnddddkkkkeeeeyyyy -mmmmeeeevvvvdddd bbbbiiiinnnnddddkkkkeeeeyyyy -rrrr _i_n-_s_t_r_i_n_g ... bbbbiiiinnnnddddkkkkeeeeyyyy [ -aaaa ] _i_n-_s_t_r_i_n_g [ _c_o_m_m_a_n_d ] ... bbbbiiiinnnnddddkkkkeeeeyyyy -ssss [ -aaaa ] _i_n-_s_t_r_i_n_g _o_u_t-_s_t_r_i_n_g ... The -eeee and -vvvv options put the keymaps in emacs mode or vi mode respectively; they cannot be used simultaneously. The -dddd option resets all bindings to the compiled-in settings. If not used with options -eeee or -vvvv, the maps will be left in emacs mode, or in vi mode if the VVVVIIIISSSSUUUUAAAALLLL or EEEEDDDDIIIITTTTOOOORRRR variables exist and contain the string "vi". Metafied characters are bound to self-insert by default. The -mmmm option loads the compiled-in bindings of these characters for the mode determined by the preceding options, or the current mode if used alone. Any previous bindings done by the user will be preserved. If the -rrrr option is given, remove any binding for each _i_n-_s_t_r_i_n_g. If the -ssss option is not specified, bind each _i_n-_s_t_r_i_n_g to a specified _c_o_m_m_a_n_d. If no _c_o_m_m_a_n_d is specified, print the binding of _i_n-_s_t_r_i_n_g if it is bound, or return a nonzero exit code if it is not bound. If the -ssss option is specified, bind each _i_n-_s_t_r_i_n_g to each specified _o_u_t-_s_t_r_i_n_g. When _i_n-_s_t_r_i_n_g is typed, _o_u_t-_s_t_r_i_n_g will be pushed back and treated as input to the line editor. This process is recursive but, to avoid infinite loops, the shell will report an error if more than 20 consecutive replacements happen. If the -aaaa option is specified, bind the _i_n-_s_t_r_i_n_g_s in the alternative keymap instead of the standard one. The alternative keymap is used in vi command mode. It's possible for an _i_n-_s_t_r_i_n_g to be bound to something and also be the beginning of a longer bound string. In this case the shell will wait a certain time to see if more characters are typed and if not it will execute the binding. This timeout is defined by the KEYTIMEOUT parameter; its default is 0.4 sec. No timeout is done if the prefix string is not bound. For either _i_n-_s_t_r_i_n_g or _o_u_t-_s_t_r_i_n_g, control characters may be specified in the form ^^^^XXXX, and the backslash may be used to introduce one of the following escape sequences: \\\\aaaa bell character Page 2 (printed 4/24/98) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) zzzzsssshhhh vvvveeeerrrrssssiiiioooonnnn 3333....0000 ((((JJJJuuuunnnneeee 22226666,,,, 1111999999996666)))) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) \\\\nnnn linefeed (newline) \\\\bbbb backspace \\\\tttt horizontal tab \\\\vvvv vertical tab \\\\ffff form feed \\\\rrrr carriage return \\\\eeee,,,, \\\\EEEE escape \\\\NNNNNNNNNNNN character code in octal \\\\xxxxNNNNNNNN character code in hexadecimal \\\\MMMM----xxxxxxxxxxxx character or escape sequence with meta bit set. The `-' after the `M' is optional. \\\\CCCC----XXXX control character. The `-' after the `C' is optional. In all other cases, \ escapes the following character. Delete is written as `^^^^????'. Note that `\M^?' and `^\M?' are not the same. Multi-character _i_n-_s_t_r_i_n_gs cannot contain the null character ("^@" or "^ "). If they appear in a bindkey command, they will be silently translated to "\M-^@". This restriction does not apply to _o_u_t-_s_t_r_i_n_gs, single-character _i_n-_s_t_r_i_n_gs and the first character of a multi-char _i_n-_s_t_r_i_n_g. bbbbrrrreeeeaaaakkkk [ _n ] Exit from an enclosing ffffoooorrrr, wwwwhhhhiiiilllleeee, uuuunnnnttttiiiillll, sssseeeelllleeeecccctttt, or rrrreeeeppppeeeeaaaatttt loop. If _n is specified, then break _n levels instead of just one. bbbbuuuuiiiillllttttiiiinnnn _n_a_m_e [ _a_r_g_s ] ... Executes the builtin _n_a_m_e, with the given _a_r_g_s. bbbbyyyyeeee Same as eeeexxxxiiiitttt. ccccdddd [ _a_r_g ] ccccdddd _o_l_d _n_e_w ccccdddd +_nnnn Change the current directory. In the first form, change the current directory to _a_r_g, or to the value of HHHHOOOOMMMMEEEE if _a_r_g is not specified. If _a_r_g is -, change to the value of OOOOLLLLDDDDPPPPWWWWDDDD, the previous directory. If a directory named _a_r_g is not found in the current directory and _a_r_g does not begin with a slash, search each component of the shell parameter ccccddddppppaaaatttthhhh. If the option CCCCDDDDAAAABBBBLLLLEEEEVVVVAAAARRRRSSSS is set, and a parameter named _a_r_g exists whose value begins with a slash, treat its value as the directory. The second form of ccccdddd substitutes the string _n_e_w for Page 3 (printed 4/24/98) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) zzzzsssshhhh vvvveeeerrrrssssiiiioooonnnn 3333....0000 ((((JJJJuuuunnnneeee 22226666,,,, 1111999999996666)))) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) the string _o_l_d in the name of the current directory, and tries to change to this new directory. The third form of ccccdddd extracts an entry from the directory stack, and changes to that directory. An argument of the form +_n identifies a stack entry by counting from the left of the list shown by the ddddiiiirrrrssss command, starting with zero. An argument of the form -_n counts from the right. If the PPPPUUUUSSSSHHHHDDDD____MMMMIIIINNNNUUUUSSSS option is set, the meanings of + and - in this context are swapped. cccchhhhddddiiiirrrr Same as ccccdddd. ccccoooommmmmmmmaaaannnndddd _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d See the secion PPPPRRRREEEECCCCOOOOMMMMMMMMAAAANNNNDDDD MMMMOOOODDDDIIIIFFFFIIIIEEEERRRRSSSS in _z_s_h_m_i_s_c(1). ccccoooommmmppppccccttttllll Compctl has it's own man page. Check _z_s_h_c_o_m_p_c_t_l(1). ccccoooonnnnttttiiiinnnnuuuueeee [ _n_u_m ] Resume the next iteration of the enclosing ffffoooorrrr, wwwwhhhhiiiilllleeee, uuuunnnnttttiiiillll, sssseeeelllleeeecccctttt, or rrrreeeeppppeeeeaaaatttt loop. If _n is specified, break out of _n - 1 loops and resume at the _nth enclosing loop. ddddeeeeccccllllaaaarrrreeee [ _a_r_g ... ] Same as ttttyyyyppppeeeesssseeeetttt. ddddiiiirrrrssss [ -vvvv ] [ _a_r_g ... ] With no arguments, print the contents of the directory stack. If the -vvvv option is given, number the directories in the stack when printing. Directories are added to this stack with the ppppuuuusssshhhhdddd command, and removed with the ccccdddd or ppppooooppppdddd commands. If arguments are specified, load them onto the directory stack, replacing anything that was there, and push the current directory onto the stack. ddddiiiissssaaaabbbblllleeee [ -aaaaffffmmmmrrrr ] _a_r_g ... Disable the hash table element named _a_r_g temporarily. The default is to disable builtin commands. This allows you to use an external command with the same name as a builtin command. The -aaaa option causes ddddiiiissssaaaabbbblllleeee to act on aliases. The -ffff option causes ddddiiiissssaaaabbbblllleeee to act on shell functions. The -rrrr options causes ddddiiiissssaaaabbbblllleeee to act on reserved words. Without arguments all disabled hash table elements from the corresponding hash table are printed. With the -mmmm flag the arguments are taken as patterns (should be quoted to preserve them from being taken as glob patterns) and Page 4 (printed 4/24/98) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) zzzzsssshhhh vvvveeeerrrrssssiiiioooonnnn 3333....0000 ((((JJJJuuuunnnneeee 22226666,,,, 1111999999996666)))) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) all hash table elements from the corresponding hash table matching these patterns are disabled. Disabled objects can be enabled with the eeeennnnaaaabbbblllleeee command. ddddiiiissssoooowwwwnnnn [ _j_o_b ... ] _j_o_b ... &&&&|||| _j_o_b ... &&&&!!!! Remove the specified jobs from the job table; the shell will no longer report their status, and will not complain if you try to exit an interactive shell with them running or stopped. If no _j_o_b is specified, use the current job. eeeecccchhhhoooo [ -nnnneeeeEEEE ] [ _a_r_g ... ] Write each _a_r_g on the standard output, with a space separating each one. If the -nnnn flag is not present, print a newline at the end. eeeecccchhhhoooo recognizes the following escape sequences: \\\\aaaa bell character \\\\bbbb backspace \\\\cccc don't print an ending newline \\\\eeee escape \\\\ffff form feed \\\\nnnn newline \\\\rrrr carriage return \\\\tttt horizontal tab \\\\vvvv vertical tab \\\\\\\\ backslash \\\\0000NNNNNNNNNNNN character code in octal, with a maximum of three digits after the zero; a non-octal digit terminates the number \\\\xxxxNNNNNNNN character code in hexadecimal, with a maximum of two digits after the `x'; a non-hexadecimal digit terminates the number. The -EEEE falg or the BBBBSSSSDDDD____EEEECCCCHHHHOOOO option can be used to disable these escape sequences. In the later case -eeee flag can be used to enable them. eeeecccchhhhoooottttcccc _c_a_p [ _a_r_g ... ] Output the termcap string corresponding to the capability _c_a_p, with optional arguments. eeeemmmmuuuullllaaaatttteeee [ -RRRR ] [ zzzzsssshhhh | sssshhhh | kkkksssshhhh | ccccsssshhhh ] Set up zsh options to emulate the specified shell as much as possible. ccccsssshhhh will never be fully emulated. If the argument is not one of the shells listed above, zzzzsssshhhh will be used as a default. If the -RRRR option is given, all options are reset to their default value corresponding to the specified emulation mode. Page 5 (printed 4/24/98) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) zzzzsssshhhh vvvveeeerrrrssssiiiioooonnnn 3333....0000 ((((JJJJuuuunnnneeee 22226666,,,, 1111999999996666)))) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) eeeennnnaaaabbbblllleeee [ -aaaaffffmmmmrrrr ] _a_r_g ... Enable the hash table element named _a_r_g, presumably disabled earlier with ddddiiiissssaaaabbbblllleeee. The default is to enable builtin commands. The -aaaa option causes eeeennnnaaaabbbblllleeee to act on aliases. The -ffff option causes eeeennnnaaaabbbblllleeee to act on shell functions. The -rrrr option causes eeeennnnaaaabbbblllleeee to act on reserved words. Without arguments all enable hash table elememts from the corresponding hash table are printed. With the -mmmm flag the arguments are taken as patterns (should be quoted) and all hash table elements from the corresponding hash table matching these patterns are enabled. Enabled objects can be disabled with the ddddiiiissssaaaabbbblllleeee builtin command. eeeevvvvaaaallll [ _a_r_g ... ] Read the arguments as input to the shell and execute the resulting command(s) in the current shell process. eeeexxxxeeeecccc _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d See the secion PPPPRRRREEEECCCCOOOOMMMMMMMMAAAANNNNDDDD MMMMOOOODDDDIIIIFFFFIIIIEEEERRRRSSSS in _z_s_h_m_i_s_c(1). eeeexxxxiiiitttt [ _n ] Exit the shell with the exit code specified by _n; if none is specified, use the exit code from the last command executed. An EOF condition will also cause the shell to exit, unless the IIIIGGGGNNNNOOOORRRREEEEEEEEOOOOFFFF option is set. eeeexxxxppppoooorrrrtttt [ _n_a_m_e[=_v_a_l_u_e] ... ] The specified _n_a_m_es are marked for automatic export to the environment of subsequently executed commands. eeeexxxxppppoooorrrrtttt is equivalent to ttttyyyyppppeeeesssseeeetttt ----xxxx. ffffaaaallllsssseeee Do nothing and return an exit code of 1. ffffcccc [ -eeee _e_n_a_m_e ] [ - nnnnllllrrrrddddDDDDffffEEEEiiiimmmm ] [ _o_l_d=_n_e_w ... ] [ _f_i_r_s_t [ _l_a_s_t ] ] ffffcccc -AAAARRRRWWWWIIII [ _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e ] Select a range of commands from _f_i_r_s_t to _l_a_s_t from the history list. The arguments _f_i_r_s_t and _l_a_s_t may be specified as a number or as a string. A negative number is used as an offset to the current history event number. A string specifies the most recent event beginning with the given string. All substitutions _o_l_d=_n_e_w, if any, are then performed on the commands. If the -llll flag is given, the resulting commands are listed on standard output. If the -mmmm flag is also given the first argument is taken as a pattern (should be quoted) and only the history events matching this pattern will be shown. Otherwise the editor program _e_n_a_m_e is invoked on a file containing these history events. If _e_n_a_m_e is not given, the value of the Page 6 (printed 4/24/98) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) zzzzsssshhhh vvvveeeerrrrssssiiiioooonnnn 3333....0000 ((((JJJJuuuunnnneeee 22226666,,,, 1111999999996666)))) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) parameter FFFFCCCCEEEEDDDDIIIITTTT is used. If _e_n_a_m_e is "-", no editor is invoked. When editing is complete, the edited command(s) is executed. If _f_i_r_s_t is not specified, it will be set to -1 (the most recent event), or to -16 if the -llll flag is given. If _l_a_s_t is not specified, it will be set to _f_i_r_s_t, or to -1 if the -llll flag is given. The flag -rrrr reverses the order of the commands and the flag -nnnn suppresses command numbers when listing. Also when listing, -dddd prints timestamps for each command, and -ffff prints full time-date stamps. Adding the -EEEE flag causes the dates to be printed as `dd.mm.yyyy', instead of the default `mm/dd/yyyy'. Adding the -iiii flag causes the dates to be printed as `yyyy-mm-dd', in a fixed format. With the -DDDD flag, ffffcccc prints elapsed times. ffffcccc -RRRR reads the history from the given file, ffffcccc -WWWW writes the history out to the given file, and ffffcccc -AAAA appends the history out to the given file. ffffcccc -AAAAIIII (-WWWWIIII) appends (writes) only those events that are new since last incremental append (write) to the history file. In any case the file will have no more than SAVEHIST entries. ffffgggg [ _j_o_b ... ] _j_o_b ... Bring the specified _j_o_bs to the foreground. If no _j_o_b is specified, use the current job. ffffuuuunnnnccccttttiiiioooonnnnssss [ +_ttttuuuummmm ] [ _n_a_m_e ... ] Equivalent to ttttyyyyppppeeeesssseeeetttt ----ffff. ggggeeeettttllllnnnn _n_a_m_e ... Read the top value from the buffer stack and put it in the shell parameter _n_a_m_e. Equivalent to rrrreeeeaaaadddd -zzzzrrrr. The flags -cccc, -llll, -AAAA, -eeee, -EEEE, and -nnnn are supported, too. ggggeeeettttooooppppttttssss _o_p_t_s_t_r_i_n_g _n_a_m_e [ _a_r_g ... ] Checks aaaarrrrgggg for legal options. If _a_r_g is omitted, use the positional parameters. A valid option argument begins with a + or a -. An argument not beginning with a + or a -, or the argument --, ends the options. _o_p_t_s_t_r_i_n_g contains the letters that ggggeeeettttooooppppttttssss recognizes. If a letter is followed by a `:', that option is expected to have an argument. The options can be separated from the argument by blanks. Each time it is invoked, ggggeeeettttooooppppttttssss places the option letter it finds in the shell parameter _n_a_m_e, prepended with a + when _a_r_g begins with a +. The index of the next _a_r_g is stored in OOOOPPPPTTTTIIIINNNNDDDD. The option argument, if any, is stored in OOOOPPPPTTTTAAAARRRRGGGG. Page 7 (printed 4/24/98) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) zzzzsssshhhh vvvveeeerrrrssssiiiioooonnnn 3333....0000 ((((JJJJuuuunnnneeee 22226666,,,, 1111999999996666)))) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) A leading : in _o_p_t_s_t_r_i_n_g causes ggggeeeettttooooppppttttssss to store the letter of the invalid option in OOOOPPPPTTTTAAAARRRRGGGG, and to set _n_a_m_e to `?' for an unknown option and to `:' when a required option is missing. Otherwise, ggggeeeettttooooppppttttssss prints an error message. The exit status is nonzero when there are no more options. hhhhaaaasssshhhh [ -ddddffffmmmmrrrr ] [ _n_a_m_e[=_v_a_l_u_e] ] ... With no arguments or options, hhhhaaaasssshhhh will list the entire command hash table. The -mmmm option causes the arguments to be taken as patterns (they should be quoted) and the elements of the command hash table matching these patterns are printed. The -rrrr option causes the command hash table to be thrown out and restarted. The -ffff option causes the entire path to be searched, and all the commands found are added to the hash table. These options cannot be used with any arguments. For each _n_a_m_e with a corresponding _v_a_l_u_e, put _n_a_m_e in the command hash table, associating it with the pathname _v_a_l_u_e. Whenever _n_a_m_e is used as a command argument, the shell will try to execute the file given by _v_a_l_u_e. For each _n_a_m_e with no corresponding _v_a_l_u_e, search for _n_a_m_e in the path, and add it to the command hash table, and associating it with the discovered path, if it is found. Adding the -dddd option causes hhhhaaaasssshhhh to act on the named directory table instead of the command hash table. The remaing discussion of hhhhaaaasssshhhh will assume that the -dddd is given. If invoked without any arguments, and without any other options, hhhhaaaasssshhhh ----dddd lists the entire named directory table. The -mmmm option causes the arguments to be taken as patterns (they should be quoted) and the elements of the named directory table matching these patterns are printed. The -rrrr option causes the named directory table to be thrown out and restarted so that it only contains `~'. The -ffff option causes all usernames to be added to the named directory table. There options cannot be used with any arguments. For each _n_a_m_e with a corresponding _v_a_l_u_e, put _n_a_m_e in Page 8 (printed 4/24/98) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) zzzzsssshhhh vvvveeeerrrrssssiiiioooonnnn 3333....0000 ((((JJJJuuuunnnneeee 22226666,,,, 1111999999996666)))) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) the named directory table. The directory name _n_a_m_e is then associated with the specified path _v_a_l_u_e, so that _v_a_l_u_e may be referred to as `~_n_a_m_e'. For each _n_a_m_e with no corresponding _v_a_l_u_e, search for as a username and as a parameter. If it is found, it is added to the named directory hash table. hhhhiiiissssttttoooorrrryyyy [ -nnnnrrrrddddDDDDffffEEEEiiiimmmm ] [ _f_i_r_s_t [ _l_a_s_t ] ] Same as ffffcccc -llll. iiiinnnntttteeeeggggeeeerrrr [ +_llllrrrrttttuuuuxxxx ] [ _n_a_m_e[=_v_a_l_u_e] ] ... Same as ttttyyyyppppeeeesssseeeetttt -iiii, except that options irrelevant to integers are not permitted. jjjjoooobbbbssss [ -llllpppprrrrssss ] [ _j_o_b ... ] Lists information about each given job, or all jobs if _j_o_b is omitted. The -llll flag lists process ids, and the -pppp flag lists process groups. If the -rrrr flag is specified only running jobs will be listed and if the -ssss flag is given only stopped jobs are shown. kkkkiiiillllllll [ -ssss _s_i_g_n_a_l__n_a_m_e ] _j_o_b ... kkkkiiiillllllll [ -_s_i_g ] _j_o_b ... kkkkiiiillllllll -llll [ _s_i_g ... ] Sends either SIGTERM or the specified signal to the given jobs or processes. Signals are given by number or by names, without the SIG prefix. If the signal being sent is not KILL or CONT, then the job will be sent a CONT signal if it is stopped. The argument _j_o_b can be the process id of a job not in the job list. In the third form, kkkkiiiillllllll -llll, if _s_i_g is not specified the signal names are listed. Otherwise, for each _s_i_g that is a name, the corresponding signal number is listed. For each _s_i_g that is a signal number or a number representing the exit status of a process which was terminated or stopped by a signal the name of the signal is printed. lllleeeetttt _a_r_g ... Evaluate each _a_r_g as an arithmetic expression. See AAAARRRRIIIITTTTHHHHMMMMEEEETTTTIIIICCCC EEEEVVVVAAAALLLLUUUUAAAATTTTIIIIOOOONNNN above for a description of arithmetic expressions. The exit status is 0 if the value of the last expression is nonzero, and 1 otherwise. lllliiiimmmmiiiitttt [ -hhhhssss ] [ _r_e_s_o_u_r_c_e [ _l_i_m_i_t ] ] ... Set or display resource limits. Unless the -ssss flag is given the limit applies only the children of the shell. If -ssss is given without other arguments, the resource limits of the current shell is set to the previously set resource limits of the children. If _l_i_m_i_t is not specified, print the current limit placed on _r_e_s_o_u_r_c_e; Page 9 (printed 4/24/98) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) zzzzsssshhhh vvvveeeerrrrssssiiiioooonnnn 3333....0000 ((((JJJJuuuunnnneeee 22226666,,,, 1111999999996666)))) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) otherwise set the limit to the specified value. If the -hhhh flag is given, use hard limits instead of soft limits. If no _r_e_s_o_u_r_c_e is given, print all limits. _r_e_s_o_u_r_c_e is one of: ccccppppuuuuttttiiiimmmmeeee Maximum CPU seconds per process. ffffiiiilllleeeessssiiiizzzzeeee Largest single file allowed. ddddaaaattttaaaassssiiiizzzzeeee Maximum data size (including stack) for each process. ssssttttaaaacccckkkkssssiiiizzzzeeee Maximum stack size for each process. ccccoooorrrreeeedddduuuummmmppppssssiiiizzzzeeee Maximum size of a core dump. rrrreeeessssiiiiddddeeeennnntttt Maximum resident set size. mmmmeeeemmmmoooorrrryyyyuuuusssseeee The same as resident. mmmmeeeemmmmoooorrrryyyylllloooocccckkkkeeeedddd Maximum amount of memory locked in RAM. ddddeeeessssccccrrrriiiippppttttoooorrrrssss Maximum value for a file descriptor. ooooppppeeeennnnffffiiiilllleeeessss Maximum number of open files. vvvvmmmmeeeemmmmoooorrrryyyyssssiiiizzzzeeee Maximum amount of virtual memory. Which of these resource limits are available depends on the system. _l_i_m_i_t is a number, with an optional scaling factor, as follows: _nh hours. _nk kilobytes. This is the default for all but cputime. _nm megabytes or minutes. _m_m:_s_s minutes and seconds. llllooooccccaaaallll [ +_LLLLRRRRZZZZiiiillllrrrrttttuuuu [[[[_n]]]]]]]] [[[[ _n_a_m_e[[[[====_v_a_l_u_e]]]] ]]]] ............ Same as ttttyyyyppppeeeesssseeeetttt, except that the options -xxxx and -ffff are not permitted. lllloooogggg List all users currently logged in who are affected by the current setting of the wwwwaaaattttcccchhhh parameter. llllooooggggoooouuuutttt Exit the shell, if this is a login shell. nnnnoooogggglllloooobbbb _s_i_m_p_l_e _c_o_m_m_a_n_d Page 10 (printed 4/24/98) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) zzzzsssshhhh vvvveeeerrrrssssiiiioooonnnn 3333....0000 ((((JJJJuuuunnnneeee 22226666,,,, 1111999999996666)))) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) See the secion PPPPRRRREEEECCCCOOOOMMMMMMMMAAAANNNNDDDD MMMMOOOODDDDIIIIFFFFIIIIEEEERRRRSSSS in _z_s_h_m_i_s_c(1). ppppooooppppdddd [ +__n ] Removes a entry from the directory stack, and perform a ccccdddd to the new top directory. With no argument, the current top entry is removed. An argument of the form +_n identifies a stack entry by counting from the left of the list shown by the ddddiiiirrrrssss command, starting with zero. An argument of the form -_n counts from the right. If the PPPPUUUUSSSSHHHHDDDD____MMMMIIIINNNNUUUUSSSS option is set, the meanings of + and - in this context are swapped. pppprrrriiiinnnntttt [ -nnnnrrrrssssllllzzzzppppNNNNDDDDPPPPooooOOOOiiiiccccmmmm ] [ -uuuu_n ] [ -RRRR [ -eeeennnn ]] [ _a_r_g ... ] With no flags or with flag -, the arguments are printed on the standard output as described by eeeecccchhhhoooo, with the following differences: the escape sequence \M-x metafies the character xxxx (sets the highest bit), \C-x produces a control character (\C-@ and \C-? give the characters NULL and delete) and \E is a synonym for \e. Finally, if not in an escape sequence, \ escapes the following character and is not printed. -rrrr ignore the escape conventions of eeeecccchhhhoooo. -RRRR emulate the BSD eeeecccchhhhoooo command which does not process escape sequences unless the -eeee flag is given. The -nnnn flag suppresses the trailing newline. Only the -eeee and -nnnn flags are recognized after -RRRR, all other arguments and options are printed. -mmmm Take the fist argument as a pattern (should be quoted) and remove it from the argument list together with subsequent arguments that do not match this pattern. -ssss place the results in the history list instead of on the standard output. -nnnn do not add a newline to the output. -llll print the arguments separated by newlines instead of spaces. -NNNN print the arguments separated and terminated by nulls. -oooo print the arguments sorted in ascending order. -OOOO print the arguments sorted in descending order. -iiii if given together with -oooo or -OOOO makes them work case independently -cccc print the arguments in columns -uuuu_n print the arguments to file descriptor _n. -pppp print the arguments to the input of the coprocess. -zzzz push the arguments onto the editing buffer stack, separated by spaces; no escape sequences are recognized. -DDDD treat the arguments as directory names, replacing prefixes with ~ expressions, as appropriate. -PPPP recognize the same escape sequences as in the Page 11 (printed 4/24/98) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) zzzzsssshhhh vvvveeeerrrrssssiiiioooonnnn 3333....0000 ((((JJJJuuuunnnneeee 22226666,,,, 1111999999996666)))) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) PPPPRRRROOOOMMMMPPPPTTTT parameter. ppppuuuusssshhhhdddd [ _a_r_g ] ppppuuuusssshhhhdddd _o_l_d _n_e_w ppppuuuusssshhhhdddd +_nnnn Change the current directory, and push the old current directory onto the directory stack. In the first form, change the current directory to _a_r_g. If _a_r_g is not specified, change to the second directory on the stack (that is, exchange the top two entries), or change to the value of HHHHOOOOMMMMEEEE if the PPPPUUUUSSSSHHHHDDDD____TTTTOOOO____HHHHOOOOMMMMEEEE option is set or if there is only one entry on the stack. If _a_r_g is -, change to the value of OOOOLLLLDDDDPPPPWWWWDDDD, the previous directory. If a directory named _a_r_g is not found in the current directory and _a_r_g does not contain a slash, search each component of the shell parameter ccccddddppppaaaatttthhhh. If the option CCCCDDDDAAAABBBBLLLLEEEEVVVVAAAARRRRSSSS is set, and a parameter named _a_r_g exists whose value begins with a slash, treat its value as the directory. If the option PPPPUUUUSSSSHHHHDDDD____SSSSIIIILLLLEEEENNNNTTTT is not set, the directory stack will be printed after a ppppuuuusssshhhhdddd is performed. The second form of ppppuuuusssshhhhdddd substitutes the string _n_e_w for the string _o_l_d in the name of the current directory, and tries to change to this new directory. The third form of ppppuuuusssshhhhdddd changes directory by rotating the directory list. An argument of the form +_n identifies a stack entry by counting from the left of the list shown by the ddddiiiirrrrssss command, starting with zero. An argument of the form -_n counts from the right. If the PPPPUUUUSSSSHHHHDDDD____MMMMIIIINNNNUUUUSSSS option is set, the meanings of + and - in this context are swapped. ppppuuuusssshhhhllllnnnn Equivalent to pppprrrriiiinnnntttt ----nnnnzzzz. ppppwwwwdddd [ -rrrr ] Print the absolute pathname of the current working directory. If the -rrrr flag is specified or the CCCCHHHHAAAASSSSEEEE____LLLLIIIINNNNKKKKSSSS option is set, the printed path will not contain symbolic links. rrrr Equivalent to ffffcccc ----eeee ----. rrrreeeeaaaadddd [ -rrrrzzzzppppqqqqAAAAccccllllnnnneeeeEEEE ] [ -k [ _n_u_m ] ] [ -uuuu_n ] [ _n_a_m_e?_p_r_o_m_p_t ] [ _n_a_m_e ... ] Read one line and break it into fields using the characters in IIIIFFFFSSSS as separators. ----rrrr Raw mode: a \ at the end of a line does not signify line continuation. Page 12 (printed 4/24/98) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) zzzzsssshhhh vvvveeeerrrrssssiiiioooonnnn 3333....0000 ((((JJJJuuuunnnneeee 22226666,,,, 1111999999996666)))) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) -qqqq Read only one character from the terminal and set _n_a_m_e to `y' if this character was `y' or `Y' and to `n' otherwise. With this flag set the return value is zero only if the character was `y' or `Y'. -kkkk [ _n_u_m ] Read only one (or _n_u_m) characters from the terminal. -zzzz Read from the editor buffer stack. The first field is assigned to the first _n_a_m_e, the second field to the second _n_a_m_e, etc., with leftover fields assigned to the last _n_a_m_e. -eeee -EEEE The words read are printed after the whole line is read. If the -eeee flag is set, the words are not assigned to the parameters. -AAAA The first _n_a_m_e is taken as the name of an array and all words are assigned to it. -cccc -llll These flags are allowed only if called inside a function used for completion (specified with the -KKKK flag to ccccoooommmmppppccccttttllll). If the -cccc flag is given, the words of the current command are read. If the -llll flag is given, the whole line is assigned as a scalar. If _n_a_m_e is omitted then RRRREEEEPPPPLLLLYYYY is used for scalars and rrrreeeeppppllllyyyy for arrays. -nnnn Together with either of the previous flags, this option gives the number of the word the cursor is on or the index of the character the cursor is on respectively. -uuuu_n Input is read from file descriptor _n. -pppp Input is read from the coprocess. If the first argument contains a ????, the remainder of this word is used as a _p_r_o_m_p_t on standard error when the shell is interactive. The exit status is 0 unless an end-of-file is encountered. rrrreeeeaaaaddddoooonnnnllllyyyy [ _n_a_m_e[=_v_a_l_u_e] ] ... The given _n_a_m_e_s are marked readonly; these names cannot be changed by subsequent assignment. rrrreeeehhhhaaaasssshhhh [ -ddddffff ] Throw out the command hash table and start over. If the -ffff option is set, rescan the command path immediately, instead of rebuilding the hash table incrementally. The -dddd option causes rrrreeeehhhhaaaasssshhhh to act on the named directory table instead of the command hash table. This reduces the named directory table to only the `~' entry. If the -ffff option is also used, the named Page 13 (printed 4/24/98) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) zzzzsssshhhh vvvveeeerrrrssssiiiioooonnnn 3333....0000 ((((JJJJuuuunnnneeee 22226666,,,, 1111999999996666)))) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) directory table is rebuilt immediately. rrrreeeehhhhaaaasssshhhh is equivalent to hhhhaaaasssshhhh -rrrr. rrrreeeettttuuuurrrrnnnn [ _n ] Causes a shell function or .... script to return to the invoking script with the return status specified by _n. If _n is omitted then the return status is that of the last command executed. If rrrreeeettttuuuurrrrnnnn was executed from a trap in a TTTTRRRRAAAAPPPPxxxxxxxxxxxx function, the effect is different for zero and non-zero return status. With zero status (or after an implicit return at the end of the trap), the shell will return to whatever it was previously processing; with a non- zero status, the shell will behave as interrupted except that the return status of the trap is retained. Note that the signal which caused the trap is passed as the first argument, so the statement `rrrreeeettttuuuurrrrnnnn $$$$((((((((111122228888++++$$$$1111))))))))' will return the same status as if the signal had not been trapped. sssscccchhhheeeedddd [+]_h_h:_m_m _c_o_m_m_a_n_d ... sssscccchhhheeeedddd [ -_i_t_e_m ] Make an entry in the scheduled list of commands to execute. The time may be specified in either absolute or relative time. With no arguments, prints the list of scheduled commands. With the argument -_i_t_e_m, removes the given item from the list. ] sssseeeetttt [ +__o_p_t_i_o_n_s ] [ +_oooo _o_p_t_i_o_n _n_a_m_e ] ... [ +_AAAA [ _n_a_m_e ] ] [ _a_r_g ... Set the options for the shell and/or set the positional parameters, or declare and set an array. If the -ssss option is given it causes the specified arguments to be sorted before assigning them to the positional parameters (or to the array _n_a_m_e if -AAAA is used). With +ssss sort arguments in descending order. For the meaning of the other flags, see the zzzzsssshhhhooooppppttttiiiioooonnnnssss man page. Flags may be specified by name using the -oooo option. If the -AAAA flag is specified, _n_a_m_e is set to an array containing the given _a_r_gs; if +AAAA is used and _n_a_m_e is an array, the gien arguments will replace the initial elements of that array; if no _n_a_m_e is specified, all arrays are printed. Otherwise the positional parameters are set. If no arguments are given, then the names and values of all parameters are printed on the standard output. If the only argument is +, the names of all parameters are printed. sssseeeettttoooopppptttt [ +__o_p_t_i_o_n_s ] [ _n_a_m_e ... ] Set the options for the shell. All options specified Page 14 (printed 4/24/98) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) zzzzsssshhhh vvvveeeerrrrssssiiiioooonnnn 3333....0000 ((((JJJJuuuunnnneeee 22226666,,,, 1111999999996666)))) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) either with flags or by name are set. If no arguments are supplied, the names of all options currently set are printed. In option names, case is insignificant, and all underscore characters are ignored. If the -mmmm flag is given the arguments are taken as patterns (should be quoted to preserve them from being interpreted as glob patterns) and all options with names matching these patterns are set. sssshhhhiiiifffftttt [ _n ] [ _n_a_m_e ... ] The positional parameters from $_n+1111 ... are renamed $1111, where _n is an arithmetic expression that defaults to 1. If any _n_a_m_es are given then the arrays with these names are shifted instead of the positional parameters. ssssoooouuuurrrrcccceeee Same as ...., except that the current directory is always searched and is always searched first, before directories in ppppaaaatttthhhh. ssssuuuussssppppeeeennnndddd [ -ffff ] Suspend the execution of the shell (send it a SSSSIIIIGGGGTTTTSSSSTTTTPPPP) until it receives a SSSSIIIIGGGGCCCCOOOONNNNTTTT. If the -ffff option is not given, complain if this is a login shell. tttteeeesssstttt _a_r_g ... [[[[ _a_r_g ... ]]]] Like the system version of tttteeeesssstttt. Added for compatibility; use conditional expressions instead. ttttiiiimmmmeeeessss Print the accumulated user and system times for the shell and for processes run from the shell. ttttrrrraaaapppp [ _a_r_g ] [ _s_i_g ] ... _a_r_g is a command to be read and executed when the shell receives _s_i_g. Each _s_i_g can be given as a number or as the name of a signal. If _a_r_g is -, then all traps _s_i_g are reset to their default values. If _a_r_g is the null string, then this signal is ignored by the shell and by the commands it invokes. If _s_i_g is ZZZZEEEERRRRRRRR then _a_r_g will be executed after each command with a nonzero exit status. If _s_i_g is DDDDEEEEBBBBUUUUGGGG then _a_r_g will be executed after each command. If _s_i_g is 0000 or EEEEXXXXIIIITTTT and the ttttrrrraaaapppp statement is executed inside the body of a function, then the command _a_r_g is executed after the function completes. If _s_i_g is 0000 or EEEEXXXXIIIITTTT and the ttttrrrraaaapppp statement is not executed inside the body of a function, then the command _a_r_g is executed when the shell terminates. The ttttrrrraaaapppp command with no arguments prints a list of commands associated with each signal. Page 15 (printed 4/24/98) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) zzzzsssshhhh vvvveeeerrrrssssiiiioooonnnn 3333....0000 ((((JJJJuuuunnnneeee 22226666,,,, 1111999999996666)))) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) ttttrrrruuuueeee Do nothing and return an exit code of 0. ttttttttyyyyccccttttllll -ffffuuuu The -ffff option freezes the tty, and -uuuu unfreezes it. When the tty is frozen, no changes made to the tty settings by external programs will be honored by the shell, except for changes in the size of the screen; the shell will simply reset the settings to their previous values as soon as each command exits or is suspended. Thus, ssssttttttttyyyy and similar programs have no effect when the tty is frozen. Without options it reports whether the terminal is frozen or not. ttttyyyyppppeeee [ -ffffppppaaaammmm ] _n_a_m_e ... Same as wwwwhhhheeeennnncccceeee -vvvv. ttttyyyyppppeeeesssseeeetttt [ +_LLLLRRRRUUUUZZZZffffiiiillllrrrrttttuuuuxxxxmmmm [[[[_n]]]]]]]] [[[[ _n_a_m_e[[[[====_v_a_l_u_e]]]] ]]]] ............ Set attributes and values for shell parameters. When invoked inside a function a new parameter is created which will be unset when the function completes. The new parameter will not be exported unless ALLEXPORT is set, in which case the parameter will be exported provided no parameter of that name already exists. The following attributes are valid: -LLLL Left justify and remove leading blanks from _v_a_l_u_e. If _n is nonzero, it defines the width of the field; otherwise it is determined by the width of the value of the first assignment. When the parameter is printed, it is filled on the right with blanks or truncated if necessary to fit the field. Leading zeros are removed if the -ZZZZ flag is also set. -RRRR Right justify and fill with leading blanks. If _n is nonzero if defines the width of the field; otherwise it is determined by the width of the value of the first assignment. When the parameter is printed, the field is left filled with blanks or truncated from the end. -UUUU For arrays keep only the first element of each duplications. It can also be set for colon separated special parameters like PPPPAAAATTTTHHHH or FFFFIIIIGGGGNNNNOOOORRRREEEE, etc. -ZZZZ Right justify and fill with leading zeros if the first non-blank character is a digit and the -LLLL flag has not been set. If _n is nonzero it defines the width of the field; otherwise it is determined by the width of the value of the first assignment. -ffff The names refer to functions rather than parameters. No assignments can be made, and the only other valid flags are -tttt and -uuuu. The flag -tttt turns on execution tracing for this function. The flag -uuuu causes this function to be marked for Page 16 (printed 4/24/98) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) zzzzsssshhhh vvvveeeerrrrssssiiiioooonnnn 3333....0000 ((((JJJJuuuunnnneeee 22226666,,,, 1111999999996666)))) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) autoloading. The ffffppppaaaatttthhhh parameter will be searched to find the function definition when the function is first referenced; see aaaauuuuttttoooollllooooaaaadddd. -iiii Use an internal integer representation. If _n is nonzero it defines the output arithmetic base, otherwise it is determined by the first assignment. -llll Convert to lower case. -rrrr The given _n_a_m_es are marked readonly. -tttt Tags the named parameters. Tags have no special meaning to the shell. -uuuu Convert to upper case. -xxxx Mark for automatic export to the environment of subsequently executed commands. Using + rather than - causes these flags to be turned off. If no arguments are given but flags are specified, a list of named parameters which have these flags set is printed. Using + instead of - keeps their values from being printed. If no arguments or options are given, the names and attributes of all parameters are printed. If only the -mmmm flag is given the arguments are taken as patterns (should be quoted) and all parameters or functions (with the -ffff flag) with matching names are printed. uuuulllliiiimmmmiiiitttt [ -SSSSHHHHaaaaccccddddffffllllmmmmnnnnppppssssttttvvvv ] [ _l_i_m_i_t ] ... Set or display resource limits of the shell and the processes started by the shell. The value of _l_i_m_i_t can be a number in the unit specified below or the value uuuunnnnlllliiiimmmmiiiitttteeeedddd. If the -HHHH flag is given use hard limits instead of soft limits. If the -SSSS flag is given together with the -HHHH flag set both hard and soft limits. If no options are used, the file size limit (-ffff) is assumed. If _l_i_m_i_t is omitted the current value of the specified resources are printed. When more than one resource values are printed the limit name and unit is printed before each value. -aaaa Lists all of the current resource limits. -cccc The number of 512-byte blocks on the size of core dumps. -dddd The number of K-bytes on the size of the data segment. -ffff The number of 512-byte blocks on the size of files written. -llll The number of K-bytes on the size of locked-in memory. -mmmm The number of K-bytes on the size of physical memory. -nnnn The number of open file descriptors. -ssss The number of K-bytes on the size of the stack. -tttt The number of CPU seconds to be used. -uuuu The number of processes available to the user. Page 17 (printed 4/24/98) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) zzzzsssshhhh vvvveeeerrrrssssiiiioooonnnn 3333....0000 ((((JJJJuuuunnnneeee 22226666,,,, 1111999999996666)))) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) -vvvv The number of K-bytes on the size of virtual memory. uuuummmmaaaasssskkkk [ -SSSS ] [ _m_a_s_k ] The umask is set to _m_a_s_k. _m_a_s_k can be either an octal number or a symbolic value as described in cccchhhhmmmmoooodddd(1). If _m_a_s_k is omitted, the current value is printed. The -SSSS option causes the mask to be printed as a symbolic value. Otherwise, the mask is printed as an octal number. Note that in the symbolic form the permissions you specify are those which are to be allowed (not denied) to the users specified. uuuunnnnaaaalllliiiiaaaassss [ -mmmm ] _n_a_m_e ... The alias definition, if any, for each _n_a_m_e is removed. With the -mmmm flag the arguments are taken as patterns (should be quoted) and all aliases with names matching the patterns are removed. uuuunnnnaaaalllliiiiaaaassss is equivalent to uuuunnnnhhhhaaaasssshhhh ----aaaa. uuuunnnnffffuuuunnnnccccttttiiiioooonnnn [ -mmmm ] _n_a_m_e ... The function definition, if any, for each _n_a_m_e is removed. If the -mmmm flag is specified the arguments are taken as patterns (should be quoted) and all functions with names matching the patterns are removed. uuuunnnnffffuuuunnnnccccttttiiiioooonnnn is equivalent to uuuunnnnhhhhaaaasssshhhh ----ffff. uuuunnnnhhhhaaaasssshhhh [ -aaaaddddffffmmmm ] _n_a_m_e ... Remove the element named _n_a_m_e from an internal hash table. The default is remove elements from the command hash table. The -aaaa option causes uuuunnnnhhhhaaaasssshhhh to remove aliases. The -ffff option causes uuuunnnnhhhhaaaasssshhhh to remove shell functions. The -dddd options causes uuuunnnnhhhhaaaasssshhhh to remove named directories. If the -mmmm flag is given the arguments are taken as patterns (should be quoted) and all elements of the corresponding hash table with matching names will be removed. uuuunnnnlllliiiimmmmiiiitttt [ -hhhhssss ] _r_e_s_o_u_r_c_e ... The resource limit for each _r_e_s_o_u_r_c_e is set to the hard limit. If the -hhhh flag is given and the shell is running as root, the hard resource limit for each _r_e_s_o_u_r_c_e is removed. The resources of the shell process are only changed if the -ssss flag is given. uuuunnnnsssseeeetttt [ -ffffmmmm ] _n_a_m_e ... Each named parameter is unset. If the -mmmm flag is specified the arguments are taken as patterns (should be quoted) and all parameters with matching names are unset. UUUUnnnnsssseeeetttt -ffff is equivalent to uuuunnnnffffuuuunnnnccccttttiiiioooonnnn. uuuunnnnsssseeeettttoooopppptttt [ +__o_p_t_i_o_n_s ] [ _n_a_m_e ... ] Page 18 (printed 4/24/98) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) zzzzsssshhhh vvvveeeerrrrssssiiiioooonnnn 3333....0000 ((((JJJJuuuunnnneeee 22226666,,,, 1111999999996666)))) ZZZZSSSSHHHHBBBBUUUUIIIILLLLTTTTIIIINNNNSSSS((((1111)))) Unset the options for the shell. All options specified either with flags or by name are unset. If the -mmmm flag is given the arguments are considered to be patterns (don't forget to quote them) and all options with names matching these patterns are unset. vvvvaaaarrrreeeedddd [ -cccc ] [ -hhhh ] [ -pppp _p_r_o_m_p_t ] [ -rrrr _r_p_r_o_m_p_t ] _n_a_m_e The value of the parameter _n_a_m_e is loaded into the edit buffer, and the line editor is invoked. When the editor exits, _n_a_m_e is set to the string value returned by the editor. If the -cccc flag is given the parameter is created if it doesn't already exist. If the -pppp flag is given the following string will be taken as the prompt to display at the left and if the -rrrr flag is given the following string gives the prompt to display at the right. If the -hhhh flag is specified, the history can be accessed from zle. wwwwaaaaiiiitttt [ _j_o_b ... ] Wait for the specified jobs or processes. If _j_o_b is not given then all currently active child processes are waited for. Each _j_o_b can be either a job specification or the process-id of a job in the job table. The exit status from this command is that of the job waited for. wwwwhhhheeeennnncccceeee [ -vvvvccccffffppppaaaammmm ] _n_a_m_e ... For each name, indicate how it would be interpreted if used as a command name. The -vvvv flag produces a more verbose report. The -cccc flag prints the results in a csh-like format, and takes precedence over -vvvv. The -ffff flag causes the contents of a shell function to be displayed, which would otherwise not happen unless the -cccc flag were used. The -pppp flag does a path search for _n_a_m_e even if it is an alias, reserved word, shell function or builtin. The -aaaa flag does a search for all occurrences of _n_a_m_e throughout the command path. With the -mmmm flag the arguments are taken as patterns (should be quoted) and the information is displayed for each command matching one of these patterns. wwwwhhhheeeerrrreeee Same as wwwwhhhheeeennnncccceeee ----ccccaaaa. wwwwhhhhiiiicccchhhh [ -ppppaaaammmm ] _n_a_m_e ... Same as wwwwhhhheeeennnncccceeee ----cccc. Page 19 (printed 4/24/98)